umnguni wokulanda emodeli nge-PVA
Ukukhupha kwe-PVA kuyisilondolozi esisha ekwaleni kanye nezindustri zokwakha, libone ubungako obungcono ekukhuliseni izimboni ezizenzakalelayo kumaphephethini ngendlela ephansi yezindleko kanye nokwehliswa. Leli fomule ebasetshenziselwa amanzi a-Polyvinyl alcohol ikhiqiza isihlangothi esiphansi kakhulu phakathi kwesikhungo saphethekayo nasephawini, ihlinza ukuthi kuhlakane kahle nakuba kugcina igunya lephansi. Inkinga ye-PVA yokukhupha ikhumeleka ngokufaka isihlangothi esivikelayo esikhubaza ukunamathela kwezinto ezithembekile kanye nesikhungo, lokhu kwenza kube yidingekile ekwakheni kwe-fiberglass, ukulanda kweresin kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokwakha kwezinhlelo. Ichemikhali yakhe eyaqhuduka inikeza iziphumo ezifanayo phakathi kwezigaba zentemperechura ezahlukene kanye nezimo zokuthembeka, inikeza abawakhi ubungako obubalulekile okudinga kulo. Izici ze-teknoloji zokukhupha kwe-PVA zihlanganisa ubungako obuncane besohlangothi obuhlinza ukucopheleka komgodi waphethekayo onjalo, ukukhathazeka okuphambene kakhulu kusistimu yeresin ehlinzekile, kanye nobungcono be-thermal stability ekusetshenzisweni kahulumeni entemperechure ephezulu. Lo mculo othile wekukhupha uvikeleke ubungako bakuze kube khona emehlweni engconini yokuqala, kuhlanganise nemifula enemvula kanye nezikhathi ezide zokwakha. Izisebenzo zokukhupha kwe-PVA ziphinde ziphinde zihlanganisa izindustri eziningi, kusukela ekwakheni kwebhedhi kanye nezinhlelo zokwakha kwe-aerospace kuze kube ngu-architectural molding kanye nokwakha kwebhedhi yomlambo. Abawakhi babhedhi basebenzisa lokhu into ukuze bakhulise amafakthela apholile, kodwa abawakhi base-aerospace basebenzisa lokhu ukuhlanjulula iziqhamo ezincane zezinhlelo ngaphandle kokungcono okuchanekile. Ubunjinjini bokukhupha kwe-PVA buhamba phambili kuze kube kusebenziswa ekumenjeni kwe-concrete, lapho likhubaza ukunamatha nakuba licophelela izici ezijulile zephansi. Ubuqophiso bawo ngezinye i-substrates kulingana no-metal, umthi, kanye nezikhungo zezinhlelo kwenza kube yilokho okudingekile kuluntu oluningi lwemisebenzi yokwakha. Inzuzo yesivikelo kanye nokucima kungenza kube yinkinga, njengoba abawakhi bangayisebenzisa ngemisebenzi eyaziwayo yokusayisha noma izindlela zokuthinta, zibangane izindleko zomsebenzi kanye nokuvuselela kwezimali zokwakha ngemva kwemisebenzi yawo.